https://www.spoj.com/problems/COT3/
https://blog.csdn.net/huzecong/article/details/9142121
https://my.oschina.net/u/4321213/blog/3694105
非常 nice 的题目… 同时考察组合博弈和线段树合并。。。
不妨先考虑简单的问题，如何输出第一步的方案。
我们枚举第一步落在哪里，那么形成的黑链会把原树划分为若干子树，每组子树相互独立，于是变成游戏的和，
根据 SG 定理，我们只要能求出每个节点为根的 sg 值即可。
void gao(int u = 1, int p = -1, int SG = 0) { // 递归进来的 SG 表示子树外的游戏
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) SG ^= sg[v]; // 再 xor 上子树内的游戏
if (!col[u] && !SG) Z.PB(u);
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) gao(v, u, SG^sg[v]);
}
再考虑如何求以 u 为根的子树的 sg 值，我们考虑第一步怎么走，并且维护所有能转移到的 sg 值的集合。
讨论节点 u 的颜色。
如果是黑色，我们还是枚举第一步落在子树中哪一个节点里，那么和上面的情况一样，也是拆分成了若干游戏的和。
如果是白色，那么多一种操作，把这个 sg 也丢到集合里。（对应下面 !col[u] 的情况）
最后把所有 sg 值的集合 mex 一下即可。
这样暴力 O(n2) 的算法就有了。
void dfs(int u = 1, int p = -1) {
int s = 0;
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) {
dfs(v, u); s ^= sg[v];
}
if (!col[u]) Init(rt[u], LV, s);
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) {
put_xor(rt[v], LV, s ^ sg[v]);
rt[u] = Merge(rt[u], rt[v]);
}
sg[u] = Mex(rt[u], LV);
}
考虑优化，我们可以用 01-Trie 去维护 sg 值的集合，那么上面的枚举过程就不需要进入子树枚举。
而只要分成 v 节点中的 sg 集合，和 v 节点外的组成的 sg 两个状态即可，而这个相当于给整个集合打 xor tag 然后再合并。
而 01-Trie 和线段树结构几乎一样，稍微改改即可。
复杂度 O(nlogn)。
/*
This code has been written by MinakoKojima, feel free to ask me question. Blog: https://www.shuizilong.com/house
Template Date: 2015.10.12
Note: ...
*/
#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:36777216")
//#pragma GCC optimize ("O2")
#define LOCAL
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <numeric>
#include <cstring>
#include <climits>
#include <cassert>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <bitset>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#include <list>
#include <set>
#include <map>
//#include <tr1/unordered_set>
//#include <tr1/unordered_map>
//#include <array>
using namespace std;
#define REP(i, n) for (int i=0;i<n;++i)
#define FOR(i, a, b) for (int i=a;i<b;++i)
#define DWN(i, b, a) for (int i=b-1;i>=a;--i)
#define REP_1(i, n) for (int i=1;i<=n;++i)
#define FOR_1(i, a, b) for (int i=a;i<=b;++i)
#define DWN_1(i, b, a) for (int i=b;i>=a;--i)
#define REP_C(i, n) for (int n____=n,i=0;i<n____;++i)
#define FOR_C(i, a, b) for (int b____=b,i=a;i<b____;++i)
#define DWN_C(i, b, a) for (int a____=a,i=b-1;i>=a____;--i)
#define REP_N(i, n) for (i=0;i<n;++i)
#define FOR_N(i, a, b) for (i=a;i<b;++i)
#define DWN_N(i, b, a) for (i=b-1;i>=a;--i)
#define REP_1_C(i, n) for (int n____=n,i=1;i<=n____;++i)
#define FOR_1_C(i, a, b) for (int b____=b,i=a;i<=b____;++i)
#define DWN_1_C(i, b, a) for (int a____=a,i=b;i>=a____;--i)
#define REP_1_N(i, n) for (i=1;i<=n;++i)
#define FOR_1_N(i, a, b) for (i=a;i<=b;++i)
#define DWN_1_N(i, b, a) for (i=b;i>=a;--i)
#define REP_C_N(i, n) for (int n____=(i=0,n);i<n____;++i)
#define FOR_C_N(i, a, b) for (int b____=(i=0,b);i<b____;++i)
#define DWN_C_N(i, b, a) for (int a____=(i=b-1,a);i>=a____;--i)
#define REP_1_C_N(i, n) for (int n____=(i=1,n);i<=n____;++i)
#define FOR_1_C_N(i, a, b) for (int b____=(i=a,b);i<=b____;++i)
#define DWN_1_C_N(i, b, a) for (int a____=(i=b,a);i>=a____;--i)
#define ECH(it, A) for (__typeof((A).begin()) it=(A).begin(); it != (A).end(); ++it)
#define rECH(it, A) for (__typeof((A).rbegin()) it=(A).rbegin(); it != (A).rend(); ++it)
#define REP_S(i, str) for (char*i=str;*i;++i)
#define REP_L(i, hd, suc) for (int i=hd;i;i=suc[i])
#define REP_G(i, u) REP_L(i,hd[u],suc)
#define REP_SS(x, s) for (int x=s;x;x=(x-1)&s)
#define DO(n) for ( int ____n = n; ____n-->0; )
#define REP_2(i, j, n, m) REP(i, n) REP(j, m)
#define REP_2_1(i, j, n, m) REP_1(i, n) REP_1(j, m)
#define REP_3(i, j, k, n, m, l) REP(i, n) REP(j, m) REP(k, l)
#define REP_3_1(i, j, k, n, m, l) REP_1(i, n) REP_1(j, m) REP_1(k, l)
#define REP_4(i, j, k, ii, n, m, l, nn) REP(i, n) REP(j, m) REP(k, l) REP(ii, nn)
#define REP_4_1(i, j, k, ii, n, m, l, nn) REP_1(i, n) REP_1(j, m) REP_1(k, l) REP_1(ii, nn)
#define ALL(A) A.begin(), A.end()
#define LLA(A) A.rbegin(), A.rend()
#define CPY(A, B) memcpy(A, B, sizeof(A))
#define INS(A, P, B) A.insert(A.begin() + P, B)
#define ERS(A, P) A.erase(A.begin() + P)
#define LBD(A, x) (lower_bound(ALL(A), x) - A.begin())
#define UBD(A, x) (upper_bound(ALL(A), x) - A.begin())
#define CTN(T, x) (T.find(x) != T.end())
#define SZ(A) int((A).size())
#define PB push_back
#define MP(A, B) make_pair(A, B)
#define PTT pair<T, T>
#define Ts *this
#define rTs return Ts
#define fi first
#define se second
#define re real()
#define im imag()
#define Rush for(int ____T=RD(); ____T--;)
#define Display(A, n, m) { \
REP(i, n){ \
REP(j, m-1) cout << A[i][j] << " "; \
cout << A[i][m-1] << endl; \
} \
}
#define Display_1(A, n, m) { \
REP_1(i, n){ \
REP_1(j, m-1) cout << A[i][j] << " "; \
cout << A[i][m] << endl; \
} \
}
typedef long long LL;
//typedef long double DB;
typedef double DB;
typedef unsigned uint;
typedef unsigned long long uLL;
typedef vector<int> VI;
typedef vector<char> VC;
typedef vector<string> VS;
typedef vector<LL> VL;
typedef vector<DB> VF;
typedef set<int> SI;
typedef set<string> SS;
typedef map<int, int> MII;
typedef map<string, int> MSI;
typedef pair<int, int> PII;
typedef pair<LL, LL> PLL;
typedef vector<PII> VII;
typedef vector<VI> VVI;
typedef vector<VII> VVII;
template<class T> inline T& RD(T &);
template<class T> inline void OT(const T &);
//inline int RD(){int x; return RD(x);}
inline LL RD(){LL x; return RD(x);}
inline DB& RF(DB &);
inline DB RF(){DB x; return RF(x);}
inline char* RS(char *s);
inline char& RC(char &c);
inline char RC();
inline char& RC(char &c){scanf(" %c", &c); return c;}
inline char RC(){char c; return RC(c);}
//inline char& RC(char &c){c = getchar(); return c;}
//inline char RC(){return getchar();}
template<class T> inline T& RDD(T &);
inline LL RDD(){LL x; return RDD(x);}
template<class T0, class T1> inline T0& RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1){RD(x0), RD(x1); return x0;}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline T0& RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2); return x0;}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline T0& RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3); return x0;}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline T0& RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3), RD(x4); return x0;}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline T0& RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4, T5 &x5){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3), RD(x4), RD(x5); return x0;}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline T0& RD(T0 &x0, T1 &x1, T2 &x2, T3 &x3, T4 &x4, T5 &x5, T6 &x6){RD(x0), RD(x1), RD(x2), RD(x3), RD(x4), RD(x5), RD(x6); return x0;}
template<class T0, class T1> inline void OT(const T0 &x0, const T1 &x1){OT(x0), OT(x1);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void OT(const T0 &x0, const T1 &x1, const T2 &x2){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void OT(const T0 &x0, const T1 &x1, const T2 &x2, const T3 &x3){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void OT(const T0 &x0, const T1 &x1, const T2 &x2, const T3 &x3, const T4 &x4){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3), OT(x4);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void OT(const T0 &x0, const T1 &x1, const T2 &x2, const T3 &x3, const T4 &x4, const T5 &x5){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3), OT(x4), OT(x5);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void OT(const T0 &x0, const T1 &x1, const T2 &x2, const T3 &x3, const T4 &x4, const T5 &x5, const T6 &x6){OT(x0), OT(x1), OT(x2), OT(x3), OT(x4), OT(x5), OT(x6);}
inline char& RC(char &a, char &b){RC(a), RC(b); return a;}
inline char& RC(char &a, char &b, char &c){RC(a), RC(b), RC(c); return a;}
inline char& RC(char &a, char &b, char &c, char &d){RC(a), RC(b), RC(c), RC(d); return a;}
inline char& RC(char &a, char &b, char &c, char &d, char &e){RC(a), RC(b), RC(c), RC(d), RC(e); return a;}
inline char& RC(char &a, char &b, char &c, char &d, char &e, char &f){RC(a), RC(b), RC(c), RC(d), RC(e), RC(f); return a;}
inline char& RC(char &a, char &b, char &c, char &d, char &e, char &f, char &g){RC(a), RC(b), RC(c), RC(d), RC(e), RC(f), RC(g); return a;}
inline DB& RF(DB &a, DB &b){RF(a), RF(b); return a;}
inline DB& RF(DB &a, DB &b, DB &c){RF(a), RF(b), RF(c); return a;}
inline DB& RF(DB &a, DB &b, DB &c, DB &d){RF(a), RF(b), RF(c), RF(d); return a;}
inline DB& RF(DB &a, DB &b, DB &c, DB &d, DB &e){RF(a), RF(b), RF(c), RF(d), RF(e); return a;}
inline DB& RF(DB &a, DB &b, DB &c, DB &d, DB &e, DB &f){RF(a), RF(b), RF(c), RF(d), RF(e), RF(f); return a;}
inline DB& RF(DB &a, DB &b, DB &c, DB &d, DB &e, DB &f, DB &g){RF(a), RF(b), RF(c), RF(d), RF(e), RF(f), RF(g); return a;}
inline void RS(char *s1, char *s2){RS(s1), RS(s2);}
inline void RS(char *s1, char *s2, char *s3){RS(s1), RS(s2), RS(s3);}
template<class T0,class T1>inline T0& RDD(T0&a, T1&b){RDD(a),RDD(b); return a;}
template<class T0,class T1,class T2>inline T1& RDD(T0&a, T1&b, T2&c){RDD(a),RDD(b),RDD(c); return a;}
template<class T> inline void RST(T &A){memset(A, 0, sizeof(A));}
template<class T> inline void FLC(T &A, int x){memset(A, x, sizeof(A));}
template<class T> inline void CLR(T &A){A.clear();}
template<class T0, class T1> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1){RST(A0), RST(A1);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3), RST(A4);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3), RST(A4), RST(A5);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void RST(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5, T6 &A6){RST(A0), RST(A1), RST(A2), RST(A3), RST(A4), RST(A5), RST(A6);}
template<class T0, class T1> inline void FLC(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, int x){FLC(A0, x), FLC(A1, x);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void FLC(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, int x){FLC(A0, x), FLC(A1, x), FLC(A2, x);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void FLC(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, int x){FLC(A0, x), FLC(A1, x), FLC(A2, x), FLC(A3, x);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void FLC(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, int x){FLC(A0, x), FLC(A1, x), FLC(A2, x), FLC(A3, x), FLC(A4, x);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void FLC(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5, int x){FLC(A0, x), FLC(A1, x), FLC(A2, x), FLC(A3, x), FLC(A4, x), FLC(A5, x);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void FLC(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5, T6 &A6, int x){FLC(A0, x), FLC(A1, x), FLC(A2, x), FLC(A3, x), FLC(A4, x), FLC(A5, x), FLC(A6, x);}
template<class T> inline void CLR(priority_queue<T> &Q){while (!Q.empty()) Q.pop();}
template<class T> inline void CLR(stack<T> &S){while (!S.empty()) S.pop();}
template<class T> inline void CLR(queue<T> &Q){while (!Q.empty()) Q.pop();}
template<class T0, class T1> inline void CLR(T0 &A0, T1 &A1){CLR(A0), CLR(A1);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2> inline void CLR(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2){CLR(A0), CLR(A1), CLR(A2);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3> inline void CLR(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3){CLR(A0), CLR(A1), CLR(A2), CLR(A3);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4> inline void CLR(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4){CLR(A0), CLR(A1), CLR(A2), CLR(A3), CLR(A4);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5> inline void CLR(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5){CLR(A0), CLR(A1), CLR(A2), CLR(A3), CLR(A4), CLR(A5);}
template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6> inline void CLR(T0 &A0, T1 &A1, T2 &A2, T3 &A3, T4 &A4, T5 &A5, T6 &A6){CLR(A0), CLR(A1), CLR(A2), CLR(A3), CLR(A4), CLR(A5), CLR(A6);}
template<class T> inline void CLR(T &A, int n){REP(i, n) CLR(A[i]);}
template<class T> inline bool EPT(T &a){return a.empty();}
template<class T> inline T& SRT(T &A){sort(ALL(A)); return A;}
template<class T, class C> inline T& SRT(T &A, C cmp){sort(ALL(A), cmp); return A;}
template<class T> inline T& RVS(T &A){reverse(ALL(A)); return A;}
template<class T> inline T& UNQQ(T &A){A.resize(unique(ALL(A))-A.begin());return A;}
template<class T> inline T& UNQ(T &A){SRT(A);return UNQQ(A);}
template<class T, class C> inline T& UNQ(T &A, C cmp){SRT(A, cmp);return UNQQ(A);}
//}
/** Constant List .. **/ //{
const int MOD = int(1e9) + 7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const LL INFF = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3fLL;
const DB EPS = 1e-9;
const DB OO = 1e20;
const DB PI = acos(-1.0); //M_PI;
const int dx[] = {-1, 1, 0, 0};
const int dy[] = {0, 0, 1, -1};
//}
/** Add On .. **/ //{
// <<= '0. Nichi Joo ., //{
template<class T> inline bool checkMin(T &a,const T b){return b < a ? a = b, 1 : 0;}
template<class T> inline bool checkMax(T &a,const T b){return a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0;}
template <class T, class C> inline bool checkUpd(T& a, const T b, C c){return c(b,a) ? a = b, 1 : 0;}
template<class T> inline T min(T a, T b, T c){return min(min(a, b), c);}
template<class T> inline T max(T a, T b, T c){return max(max(a, b), c);}
template<class T> inline T min(T a, T b, T c, T d){return min(min(a, b), min(c, d));}
template<class T> inline T max(T a, T b, T c, T d){return max(max(a, b), max(c, d));}
template<class T> inline T min(T a, T b, T c, T d, T e){return min(min(min(a,b),min(c,d)),e);}
template<class T> inline T max(T a, T b, T c, T d, T e){return max(max(max(a,b),max(c,d)),e);}
template<class T> inline T sqr(T a){return a*a;}
template<class T> inline T cub(T a){return a*a*a;}
template<class T> inline T ceil(T x, T y){return (x - 1) / y + 1;}
template<class T> T abs(T x){return x>0?x:-x;}
inline int sgn(DB x){return x < -EPS ? -1 : x > EPS;}
inline int sgn(DB x, DB y){return sgn(x - y);}
inline DB cos(DB a, DB b, DB c){return (sqr(a)+sqr(b)-sqr(c))/(2*a*b);}
inline DB cot(DB x){return 1./tan(x);};
inline DB sec(DB x){return 1./cos(x);};
inline DB csc(DB x){return 1./sin(x);};
//}
// <<= '1. Bitwise Operation ., //{
namespace BO{
inline bool _1(int x, int i){return bool(x&1<<i);}
inline bool _1(LL x, int i){return bool(x&1LL<<i);}
inline LL _1(int i){return 1LL<<i;}
inline LL _U(int i){return _1(i) - 1;};
inline int reverse_bits(int x){
x = ((x >> 1) & 0x55555555) | ((x << 1) & 0xaaaaaaaa);
x = ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333) | ((x << 2) & 0xcccccccc);
x = ((x >> 4) & 0x0f0f0f0f) | ((x << 4) & 0xf0f0f0f0);
x = ((x >> 8) & 0x00ff00ff) | ((x << 8) & 0xff00ff00);
x = ((x >>16) & 0x0000ffff) | ((x <<16) & 0xffff0000);
return x;
}
inline LL reverse_bits(LL x){
x = ((x >> 1) & 0x5555555555555555LL) | ((x << 1) & 0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaLL);
x = ((x >> 2) & 0x3333333333333333LL) | ((x << 2) & 0xccccccccccccccccLL);
x = ((x >> 4) & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0fLL) | ((x << 4) & 0xf0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0LL);
x = ((x >> 8) & 0x00ff00ff00ff00ffLL) | ((x << 8) & 0xff00ff00ff00ff00LL);
x = ((x >>16) & 0x0000ffff0000ffffLL) | ((x <<16) & 0xffff0000ffff0000LL);
x = ((x >>32) & 0x00000000ffffffffLL) | ((x <<32) & 0xffffffff00000000LL);
return x;
}
template<class T> inline bool odd(T x){return x&1;}
template<class T> inline bool even(T x){return !odd(x);}
template<class T> inline T low_bit(T x) {return x & -x;}
template<class T> inline T high_bit(T x) {T p = low_bit(x);while (p != x) x -= p, p = low_bit(x);return p;}
template<class T> inline T cover_bit(T x){T p = 1; while (p < x) p <<= 1;return p;}
template<class T> inline int cover_idx(T x){int p = 0; while (_1(p) < x ) ++p; return p;}
inline int clz(int x){return __builtin_clz(x);}
inline int clz(LL x){return __builtin_clzll(x);}
inline int ctz(int x){return __builtin_ctz(x);}
inline int ctz(LL x){return __builtin_ctzll(x);}
inline int lg2(int x){return !x ? -1 : 31 - clz(x);}
inline int lg2(LL x){return !x ? -1 : 63 - clz(x);}
inline int low_idx(int x){return !x ? -1 : ctz(x);}
inline int low_idx(LL x){return !x ? -1 : ctz(x);}
inline int high_idx(int x){return lg2(x);}
inline int high_idx(LL x){return lg2(x);}
inline int parity(int x){return __builtin_parity(x);}
inline int parity(LL x){return __builtin_parityll(x);}
inline int count_bits(int x){return __builtin_popcount(x);}
inline int count_bits(LL x){return __builtin_popcountll(x);}
} using namespace BO;//}
// <<= '2. Number Theory .,//{
namespace NT{
//#define gcd __gcd
inline LL gcd(LL a, LL b){return b?gcd(b,a%b):a;}
inline LL lcm(LL a, LL b){return a*b/gcd(a,b);}
inline void INC(int &a, int b){a += b; if (a >= MOD) a -= MOD;}
inline int sum(int a, int b){a += b; if (a >= MOD) a -= MOD; return a;}
/* 模数两倍刚好超 int 时。
inline int sum(uint a, int b){a += b; a %= MOD;if (a < 0) a += MOD; return a;}
inline void INC(int &a, int b){a = sum(a, b);}
*/
inline void DEC(int &a, int b){a -= b; if (a < 0) a += MOD;}
inline int dff(int a, int b){a -= b; if (a < 0) a += MOD; return a;}
inline void MUL(int &a, int b){a = (LL)a * b % MOD;}
//inline int pdt(int a, int b){return (LL)a * b % MOD;}
inline int pdt(int x,int y) {
int ret; __asm__ __volatile__ ("\tmull %%ebx\n\tdivl %%ecx\n":"=d"(ret):"a"(x),"b"(y),"c"(MOD));
return ret;
}
inline int gcd(int m, int n, int &x, int &y){
x = 1, y = 0; int xx = 0, yy = 1, q;
while (1){
q = m / n, m %= n;
if (!m){x = xx, y = yy; return n;}
DEC(x, pdt(q, xx)), DEC(y, pdt(q, yy));
q = n / m, n %= m;
if (!n) return m;
DEC(xx, pdt(q, x)), DEC(yy, pdt(q, y));
}
}
inline int sum(int a, int b, int c){return sum(a, sum(b, c));}
inline int sum(int a, int b, int c, int d){return sum(sum(a, b), sum(c, d));}
inline int pdt(int a, int b, int c){return pdt(a, pdt(b, c));}
inline int pdt(int a, int b, int c, int d){return pdt(pdt(a, b), pdt(c, d));}
inline int pow(int a, LL b){
int c(1); while (b){
if (b&1) MUL(c, a);
MUL(a, a), b >>= 1;
}
return c;
}
template<class T> inline T pow(T a, LL b){
T c(1); while (b){
if (b&1) c *= a;
a *= a, b >>= 1;
}
return c;
}
template<class T> inline T pow(T a, int b){
return pow(a, (LL)b);
}
inline int _I(int b){
int a = MOD, x1 = 0, x2 = 1, q; while (1){
q = a / b, a %= b;
if (!a) return x2;
DEC(x1, pdt(q, x2));
q = b / a, b %= a;
if (!b) return x1;
DEC(x2, pdt(q, x1));
}
}
inline void DIV(int &a, int b){MUL(a, _I(b));}
inline int qtt(int a, int b){return pdt(a, _I(b));}
struct Int{
int val;
operator int() const{return val;}
Int(int _val = 0):val(_val){
val %= MOD; if (val < 0) val += MOD;
}
Int(LL _val):val(_val){
_val %= MOD; if (_val < 0) _val += MOD;
val = _val;
}
Int& operator +=(const int& rhs){INC(val, rhs);rTs;}
Int operator +(const int& rhs) const{return sum(val, rhs);}
Int& operator -=(const int& rhs){DEC(val, rhs);rTs;}
Int operator -(const int& rhs) const{return dff(val, rhs);}
Int& operator *=(const int& rhs){MUL(val, rhs);rTs;}
Int operator *(const int& rhs) const{return pdt(val, rhs);}
Int& operator /=(const int& rhs){DIV(val, rhs);rTs;}
Int operator /(const int& rhs) const{return qtt(val, rhs);}
Int operator-()const{return MOD-*this;}
};
} using namespace NT;//}
//}
/** I/O Accelerator Interface .. **/ //{
#define g (c=getchar())
#define d isdigit(g)
#define p x=x*10+c-'0'
#define n x=x*10+'0'-c
#define pp l/=10,p
#define nn l/=10,n
template<class T> inline T& RD(T &x){
char c;while(!d);x=c-'0';while(d)p;
return x;
}
template<class T> inline T& RDD(T &x){
char c;while(g,c!='-'&&!isdigit(c));
if (c=='-'){x='0'-g;while(d)n;}
else{x=c-'0';while(d)p;}
return x;
}
inline DB& RF(DB &x){
//scanf("%lf", &x);
char c;while(g,c!='-'&&c!='.'&&!isdigit(c));
if(c=='-')if(g=='.'){x=0;DB l=1;while(d)nn;x*=l;}
else{x='0'-c;while(d)n;if(c=='.'){DB l=1;while(d)nn;x*=l;}}
else if(c=='.'){x=0;DB l=1;while(d)pp;x*=l;}
else{x=c-'0';while(d)p;if(c=='.'){DB l=1;while(d)pp;x*=l;}}
return x;
}
#undef nn
#undef pp
#undef n
#undef p
#undef d
#undef g
inline char* RS(char *s){
//gets(s);
scanf("%s", s);
return s;
}
LL last_ans; int Case; template<class T> inline void OT(const T &x){
//printf("Case #%d: ", ++Case);
//printf("%lld\n", x);
//printf("%I64d\n", x);
//printf("%.9f\n", x);
printf("%d\n", x);
//cout << x << endl;
//last_ans = x;
}
//}/* .................................................................................................................................. */
const int N = int(1e5) + 9;
#define ri register int
#define rep(io, st, ed) for(ri io = st; io <= ed; io ++)
#define drep(io, ed, st) for(ri io = ed; io >= st; io --)
namespace Chairman_Tree {
#define lx c[0][x]
#define rx c[1][x]
#define ly c[0][y]
#define ry c[1][y]
#define ml ((l+r)>>1)
#define mr (ml+1)
#define lc lx, lv
#define rc rx, lv
const int NN = 20*N;
const int LV = 17;
int c[2][NN], xr[NN]; bool cv[NN]; int tot;
int new_node() {
++tot;
return tot;
}
void put_xor(int x, int lv, int v) {
if (_1(v, lv)) swap(lx, rx);
xr[x] ^= v;
}
void upd(int x) {
cv[x] = cv[lx] && cv[rx];
}
void rls(int x, int lv) {
if (xr[x]) {
--lv;
put_xor(rc, xr[x]); put_xor(lc, xr[x]);
xr[x] = 0;
}
}
void Init(int &x, int lv, int v) {
x = new_node();
if (!~lv) cv[x] = 1;
else {
if (_1(v, lv--)) Init(rc, v);
else Init(lc, v);
}
}
int Merge(int x, int y, int lv = LV) {
if (!x || !y) return x | y;
if (!~lv) {
cv[x] |= cv[y];
return x;
}
rls(x, lv); rls(y, lv--);
lx = Merge(lx, ly, lv);
rx = Merge(rx, ry, lv);
upd(x);
return x;
}
int Mex(int x, int lv = LV) {
if (!x || !~lv) return 0;
rls(x, lv--);
return cv[lx] ? _1(lv+1) + Mex(rc) : Mex(lc);
}
} using namespace Chairman_Tree;
VI adj[N]; int rt[N], col[N], sg[N];
int n;
void dfs(int u = 1, int p = -1) {
int s = 0;
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) {
dfs(v, u); s ^= sg[v];
}
if (!col[u]) Init(rt[u], LV, s);
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) {
put_xor(rt[v], LV, s ^ sg[v]);
rt[u] = Merge(rt[u], rt[v]);
}
sg[u] = Mex(rt[u], LV);
}
VI Z;
void gao(int u = 1, int p = -1, int SG = 0) {
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) SG ^= sg[v];
if (!col[u] && !SG) Z.PB(u);
for (auto v: adj[u]) if (v != p) gao(v, u, SG^sg[v]);
}
int main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
#endif
RD(n); REP_1(i, n) RD(col[i]); DO(n-1) {
int x, y; RD(x, y);
adj[x].PB(y); adj[y].PB(x);
}
dfs();
if (sg[1]) {
gao(); SRT(Z);
for (auto z: Z) OT(z);
} else {
puts("-1");
}
}
